At first I pay my innumerable prostrated obeisances to the lotus feet of my most worshipable divine master, who is the redeemer of the fallen souls, the bestower of knowledge on the Absolute, the non-different manifestation of the Supreme Lord and the bestower of service of the Supreme Lord. I pray for his causeless mercy. I pay my prostrated obeisances to the lotus feet of the worshipable Vaishnavas and pray for their causeless mercy. I pay my due respects to all the devotees who are inclined to hear discourses on the Supreme Lord and to those who are following Damodar-vrata. May they all become pleased.

How does the Giriraja (King among all the mountains) Govardhana appear in this world? He belongs to the spiritual world called Goloka-Vrindavan. How does He come to this world? Giriraja Govardhana belongs to the highest transcendental realm called Goloka Vrindavan. It is written in Garga Samhita that once when there was tremendous oppression from the demons, all the demigods, accompanied by Brahma, went to 'Kshira Sagar' (Ocean of milk). The earth Goddess could no longer bear the burden of the sins committed by the demonic persons. So she came to Brahma and told him about her inability to bear the burden of the sins committed and asked him for protection. Brahma told her that they all should worship Lord Vishnu and went to 'Kshira Sagar' accompanied by all the demigods.

It was the desire of the Supreme Lord to appear in this material world. When He asked Srimati Radharani to descend to the material world before Him, She said, “I do not wish to go to such a place where there is no Yamuna and Govardhana.” On hearing Her, Lord Krishna made His transcendental land Goloka which measures about 84 kos (252 km) descend into this world. Though Giriraja Govardhana descended to this world, He appeared at a place called 'Shalmali-dvipa' as the son of the great mountain called Drona.

The conclusion of our Sanatan Dharma cannot be comprehended by us. We may be doubtful how a mountain give birth to another mountain as his son! Ganga Devi (the presiding deity of River Ganges), who rides on a Makara (an aquatic animal), is the daughter of the Himalaya Mountain. We may think that how Ganga Devi is described to have a personal form? It is a river. Similarly there is the presiding deity of the Sun called Surya Devata. It is the Vedic perspective that as long as consciousness exists behind a body, it exists. As soon as consciousness leaves the body it perishes. Even this building exists because there are conscious beings living in this building otherwise it will perish without its maintenance. Similarly there is a consciousness behind the sea called Samudra Devata (the presiding deity of the sea) and also there are ten demigods controlling the ten directions. So this is the Vedic perspective which is difficult for us to understand.

So Giriraja Govardhana appeared as the son of Drona, a mountain in Shalmali-dvipa located in the western part of Bharat-varsha. Sage Pulastya who is one of the seven mind-born sons of Brahma was worshipping Vishwanath (Shiva) in Kashi-dham. Once he decided to travel to various pilgrimage sites of Bharat-varsha, which is also known as Dharma-bhumi (place of religious activities). While traveling to Shalmali-dvipa, he was mesmerized by seeing the beauty of Giriraja Govardhana. He was astonished to see Him with all the resting places, waterfalls, clean water, different trees etc. He went to the father of Giriraja Govardhana, Drona Mountain, who worshiped Pulastya Rishi. Sage Pulastya said, “While I was traveling to this Dvipa, I saw your son the beautiful Govardhana. I beg you to give him to me.” Being an affectionate father, the mountain Drona was unwilling to let his son Govardhana go along with Pulastya Rishi. But he was also apprehensive that the sage might curse his son if he would not give Him to him. A curse would bring inauspiciousness to Govardhana. So unwillingly he agreed to the proposal of Pulastya Rishi.

That time Giriraja Govardhana was sixty-four miles long, forty miles wide and sixteen miles high. Presently it measures only seven miles in length. Pulastya Rishi was wondering how he will lift Govardhana. Ultimately, the sage decided to carry Him on the palm of his hand. As he is the son of creator Brahma, it is quite natural that his hand is of such a proportion that it could carry Govardhana. So he told Govardhana to take leave of His father and sit on his palm. Giriraja Govardhana agreed to go along with the sage but He put one condition. He said that the sage should carry Him straight to the place he desired to take Him. If he will put Him down anywhere in between before reaching the destined place, He would remain there and would not move further from that place to anywhere. The sage agreed to his condition and told Govardhana that he desired to carry Him directly to Kashi-dham where he performs penances. It would be nice if Govardhana stays with him in Kashi-dham.

The western people call this incident of carrying such a big Govardhana on the palm of the sage as myth or fiction. But it is neither fiction nor a myth, it is real. The sage started to walk slowly with the Giriraja on his palm towards his destination. They reached Vrindavan-dham which lay in the path to their destined place Kashi-dham. As soon as Govardhana saw Vrindavan with its forests, Yamuna, peacocks and other places of pastimes of Radha-Krishna, He desired to stay in Vrindavan and not to go anywhere else. Thinking like this, Govardhana, who is the Lord Himself, became suddenly very heavy. Pulastya Risi became very astonished to find Govardhana suddenly becoming very heavy. He lost his promise to not put down Govardhana anywhere on his journey. Finding Giriraja very heavy to carry, he put Him down in Vrindavan and started his evening ablutions of performing Sandhya (evening prayers) etc. After completing his puja, the sage asked Govardhana to remount on his palm again, Govardhana did not move from His place nor did He reply to the saint. The saint reminded Govardhana that His father had asked Him to accompany the saint to his place but He still remained silent. He tried to forcefully lift Him but was unable to do so due to the tremendous weight. By the desire of Giriraja Govardhana, the sage was able to carry Him, but when He desired to stay in Vrindavan the sage was unable to move Him from His place. As he was unable to carry Govardhana, sage Pulastya became very angry at Him. He cursed Him saying that He would diminish in size everyday according to the size of one sesame seed.

So as per the curse, Govardhana is reducing in size every day and now it has become so much reduced in size. One day, He will disappear completely. As long as Govardhana will remain, the effects of Kali will not be shown tremendously. When Ganga and Giriraja Govardhana will disappear completely, the effects of Kali will be at its peak. Though we are seeing Kali presently, it is still not at its peak.

Pulastya Rishi left Govardhana at Vrindavan and journeyed to his place. Seeing Govardhana in Vrindavan, big mountains like the Himalayas and Sumeru came there to pay their homage to Him. Govardhana is the place of the pastimes of Lord Krishna. He appeared as the son of the mountain Drona in Shalmali-dvipa and has now come to Vrindavan. So all the mountains worshiped Him and offered their prayers. Lord Krishna, who is Avatari (from Whom all avatārs come) plays His pastimes in Giriraja Govardhana, so He is the topmost of all the mountains and is known as Giriraja.

Govardhana may seem to be small in size in comparison to mountains like the Himalayas, but in terms of qualities He is the topmost.

It is written about Giriraja Govardhana here:

Srila Sukadeva Goswami says to Pariksit Maharaj

śrī-śuka uvāca
bhagavān api tatraiva
baladevena saṁyutaḥ
apaśyan nivasan gopān
indra-yāga-kṛtodyamān
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.1)

Here he is mentioning a time which is very old. In those days it was the custom to offer oblations to Indra, the demigod of rain. Timely rains always yield good crops and grains. So in order to have a proper harvest, people in those days used to perform a sacrifice (oblations or sacrifice) to the demigod of rain namely Indra. Such types of sacrifices are not seen being performed in the places like Assam, Bengal etc. This is because ordinarily there is enough rainfall in those places which is required for a proper harvest every year. But once when I was in Jalandhar where there was no rain, I saw a sacrifice being carried out at one place. I inquired from someone what sort of oblation is this and why is it being performed. So the people there told me that this oblation is performed for Indra in order to get relief from the heat due to lack of rain. In the evening there was a little bit of rainfall after the sacrifice was performed.

Following this age-old custom Nanda Maharaj along with the other Gopas (milk-men) used to perform this sacrifice every year in honour of King Indra. If Indra is pleased there will be sufficient rainfall at the proper time and there will be a nice harvest. They were Vaishyas (mercantile-class) and their primary duty was to protect and maintain cows. Cows will only get their food if sufficient crops are grown. They will then produce milk which will be sold by the milk-men to maintain their lively hoods. They reside in the forests situated in hills. For this reason they used to perform this fire-sacrifice every year. Krishna saw that many goods were piled up at a specific place for this sacrifice.

Sukadeva Goswami said, “Hey king, Lord Krishna and Balaram saw that many goods are accumulated at a place which are meant for performing sacrifice to King Indra.”

tad-abhijño ’pi bhagavān
sarvātmā sarva-darśanaḥ
praśrayāvanato ’pṛcchad
vṛddhān nanda-purogamān
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.2)

“Being the omniscient Super-soul, the Supreme Lord Krishna already understood the situation, yet He still humbly inquired from the elders, headed by His father, Nanda Maharaj.”

kathyatāṁ me pitaḥ ko ’yaṁ
sambhramo va upāgataḥ
kiṁ phalaṁ kasya voddeśaḥ
kena vā sādhyate makhaḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.3)

The Lord asked His father, “Father, you have made so many arrangements for this sacrifice, why have you done so? What fruit will you achieve by performing this sacrifice? Which demigod is this sacrifice meant for? What are the items that shall be used to perform this sacrifice? I want to hear about all these.”

So the Lord asked all these questions to Nanda Maharaj even though He knew all the answers.

etad brūhi mahān kāmo
mahyaṁ śuśrūṣave pitaḥ
na hi gopyaṁ hi sadhūnāṁ
kṛtyaṁ sarvātmanām iha
asty asva-para-dṛṣṭīnām
amitrodāsta-vidviṣām
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.4)

So, the Lord continued, “Hey Father, I have a great desire to know all about this Sacrifice. So please explain to Me all these things.”

The Lord saw that all became silent after hearing His questions. No one could answer any of His questions. The Lord told them that saints who see all others as equal to themselves, who have no conception of 'mine' or 'other’s', who do not consider who is a friend and who is an enemy and who is neutral never keep anything as secret. Saints never keep any secrets. He keeps himself open to all.

The Vraja-vasis always see the Lord as their beloved little child and so they thought what is the use of speaking all these things to a mere child.

udāsīno ’ri-vad varjya
ātma-vat suhṛd ucyate
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.5)

“One who is neutral may be avoided like an enemy, but a friend should be considered like one’s own self.”

The association of an indifferent person should be given up as one gives up the company of an enemy since it will not benefit anyone. But a well-wisher (suhṛd) should be considered like one’s own self.

jñatvājñātvā ca karmāṇi
jano ’yam anutiṣṭhati
viduṣaḥ karma-siddhiḥ syād
yathā nāviduṣo bhavet
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.6)

“When people in this world perform activities, sometimes they understand what they are doing and sometimes they don’t. Those who know what they are doing achieve success in their work, but those who do not know never succeed.”

tatra tāvat kriyā-yogo
bhavatāṁ kiṁ vicāritaḥ
atha vā laukikas tan me
pṛcchataḥ sādhu bhaṇyatām
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.7)

“Such being the case, this ritualistic endeavor of yours should be clearly explained to Me. Is it a ceremony based on scriptural injunction, or simply a custom of ordinary society?”

śrī-nanda uvāca
parjanyo bhagavān indro
meghās tasyātma-mūrtayaḥ
te ’bhivarṣanti bhūtānāṁ
prīṇanaṁ jīvanaṁ payaḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.8)

“Nanda Maharaja replied: The great Lord Indra is the controller of the rain. The clouds are his personal representatives, and they directly provide rainwater, which gives happiness and sustenance to all creatures. Even grasses that are nearly dead become rejuvenated after getting rain water. Without water all living creatures will perish.”

taṁ tāta vayam anye ca
vārmucāṁ patim īśvaram
dravyais tad-retasā siddhair
yajante kratubhir narāḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.9)

“Not only we, my dear Son, but also many other men worship him, the lord and master of the rain-giving clouds. We offer him grain and other paraphernalia of worship produced through his own discharge in the form of rain.”

Because of Devaraja Indra we are getting rains. Should not we worship the one who provide us with the rain?

tac-cheṣeṇopajīvanti
tri-varga-phala-hetave
puṁsāṁ puruṣa-kārāṇāṁ
parjanyaḥ phala-bhāvanaḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.10)

Many of the living entities survive on the grains produced because of the rains. We get dharma (religiosity), artha (economic development) and kama (sense gratification) because of rains. Farming is the cause of food for so many living entities. And Devaraja Indra is the cause of farming as he is controlling the rains without which farming is not possible. Nanda Maharaj is presenting these arguments.

ya enaṁ visṛjed dharmaṁ
paramparyāgataṁ naraḥ
kāmād dveṣād bhayāl lobhāt
sa vai nāpnoti śobhanam
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.11)

One who rejects the traditional rituals (which are being performed in the dynasty) out of lust, enmity, fear or greed will never attain good fortune.

śrī-śuka uvāca
vaco niśamya nandasya
tathānyeṣāṁ vrajaukasām
indrāya manyuṁ janayan
pitaraṁ prāha keśavaḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.12)

Krishna is called ‘darp-hāri’—destroyer of pride. He performed Govardhana lifting pastimes to take away the pride of Devaraja Indra. Srila Raghunath Das Goswami writes in his prayers to Sri Giriraja Govardhana,

nija-pati-bhuja-daṇḍa-cchatra-bhāvaṁ prapadya
prati-hata-mada-dhṛṣṭoddaṇḍa-devendra-garva
atula-pṛthula-śaila-śreṇi-bhūpa! priyaṁ me
nija-nikaṭa-nivāsaṁ dehi govardhana! tvam
(Sri Govardhana-vasa-prarthana-dasakam)

O Giriraja Govardhana! You are lifted by Lord Sri Krishna, to destroy the pride of Devaraja Indra. You are topmost amongst all the mountains. You are dear to me. I therefore pray to you to bestow me a dwelling place in your vicinity.

Sukadeva Goswami said, “To make Devaraja Indra angry, Sri Krishna addressed Nanda Maharaj as follows.”

śrī-bhagavān uvāca
karmaṇā jāyate jantuḥ
karmaṇaiva pralīyate
sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ bhayaṁ kṣemaṁ
karmaṇaivābhipadyate
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.13)

Supreme Lord said, “Birth and death, happiness and affliction, fear and protection are due to the actions of the individual souls”.

asti ced īśvaraḥ kaścit
phala-rūpy anya-karmaṇām
kartāraṁ bhajate so ’pi
na hy akartuḥ prabhur hi saḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.14)

Although, there is a Super-soul who controls the fruits of actions of the living entities, He awards fruits according to their karmas.

Krishna says to Arjuna in Bhagavad Gita,

karmaṇy evādhikāras te
mā phaleṣu kadācana
(Srimad Bhagavad Gita 2.47)

“You have a right to do action but you do not have hold over their fruits.”

kim indreṇeha bhūtānāṁ
sva-sva-karmānuvartinām
anīśenānyathā kartuṁ
svabhāva-vihitaṁ nṛṇām
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.15)

“Living entity gets the fruits of their own actions. Devaraja Indra does not have control over the fruits then what is the benefit of worshiping him?”

The Supreme Lord resides in the heart of every living being. In Upanishada, the body of the living entity is compared with a tree on the branch of which resides two birds, one of them is performing actions and the other is the witness to him. Here, the bird which performs the actions (good and bad) is the soul and the bird which is witnessing his actions is the Super-soul Who, being impartial to everyone, controls the fruits of all the actions of the soul. Krishna says, “If this is so then what is the benefit of worshiping Indra? I am not able to understand this.”

svabhāva-tantro hi janaḥ
svabhāvam anuvartate
svabhāva-stham idaṁ sarvaṁ
sa-devāsura-mānuṣam
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.16)

“All the living entities of the universe act according to their conditioned nature which they acquire based on the three primeval qualities—satva, rajah and tamah.”

dehān uccāvacāñ jantuḥ
prāpyotsṛjati karmaṇā
śatrur mitram udāsīnaḥ
karmaiva gurur īśvaraḥ
(Srimad Bhagavatam 10.24.17)

“The conditioned living entity gets high and low grade material bodies based on his actions (karma). Karma is his enemy, friend and is controlling everything.”

Sri Krishna says, “Can Indra give some bad fruits to the person who has performed good acts or can he deliver somebody who has performed bad actions? He cannot. Therefore, according to My opinion there is no benefit of worshiping him. He is the demigod who is under the influence of karma. And karma is everything. We are under the shelter of Govardhana and these forests. Govardhana gives us food. One should serve and worship who gives them food. Just as an unchaste lady who leaves her husband cannot get actual welfare by serving another person, similarly, the Vraja-vasis cannot get actual welfare by serving others, leaving the service of Giriraja Govardhana who is their actual shelter. This is My opinion. So with all the articles collected for the worship of Indra, we should worship Giriraja Govardhana.”

Nanda Maharaj has very deep affection for Krishna so he told others, “Kanaiya is saying so. What should we do? It is better to act according to His opinion.”

Then all of them agreed to follow Krishna’s opinion. Krishna advised them to bring milk, yoghurt and other milk products to cook different preparations of food, namely Payasa (preparation of milk, rice and sugar), Mudgasupa (soup prepared from a kind of pigeon pea or pulse), Piṣṭaka and Saskulī (sweet preparations made of rice, coconut, sugar and milk). Heaps of various items like rice, puri etc. and many cooked vegetable dishes and sweet preparations were offered to Giriraja Govardhana. I do not know how many preparations are being offered there. (Devotees said more than 200 preparations were offered). In Bagbazar Gaudiya Math, Kolkata, one time 2,500 preparations were offered to Giriraja Govardhana. They made a temple of sweets.

To proclaim to the Vraja-vasis that Giriraja Govardhana is non-different from Krishna, Sri Krishna repeatedly and loudly uttered the words, “I am the mountain Govardhana,” and began to eat all the offerings given to Govardhana by extending thousands of hands. (Devotees cheer, 'Giriraja Govardhana ki Jai!') Krishna asks them, “Has Indra accepted your offerings instantaneously like Giriraja Govardhana is accepting them? But Giriraja is accepting them immediately. ”

As the Supreme Lord is Purna (complete), even if He eats everything, nothing gets finished. All the preparations become intact as they were before.

Krishna says, “Let us offer obeisance to Giriraja Govardhana.” Krishna Himself said that Giriraja is Supreme Lord Himself. He is in the form of a mountain but He is non-different from Him.

Srila Raghunatha Dasa Gosvami prays to Giriraja Govardhana as follows:

giri-nṛpa! haridāsa-śreṇi-varyeti nāmā-
mṛtam idam uditaṁ śrī-rādhikā-vaktra-candrāt
vraja-nava-tilakatve klṛpta! vedaiḥ sphutaṁ me
nija-nikaṭa-nivāsaṁ dehi Govardhana! tvam
(Sri Govardhana-vasa-prarthana-dasakam, verse 8)

“O Giriraja Govardhana, when Your nectarine name was uttered from the Lotus Lips of Srimati Radhika, ‘hantāyam adrir abalā hari-dāsa-varyaḥ,’ (Srimad-Bhagavatam 10.21.18) ‘O simple-hearted innocent gopis, this mountain is foremost amongst all the servitors of Sri Hari’, then You were consecrated by all the Vedas as the new beautiful Tilaka (Sandal-paste mark) of Vraja-dhama. I therefore pray to You to bestow me a dwelling place in Your vicinity.”

Govardhana is Krishna Himself as well as Krishna-bhakta. Worship of Govardhana is worship of Krishna as well as worship of Krishna-bhakta. The Supreme Lord Sri Krishna stopped the worship of the demigods and introduced the worship of Govardhana, meaning He introduced the service of Krishna and Krishna-bhaktas. One meaning of Govardhana is to enhance the sense-organs, so Govardhana-puja signifies the enhancement of the transcendental eternal spiritual sense-organs of Krishna and Krishna-bhaktas. Krishna proclaims that He Himself is Govardhana and Radharani calls Him hari-dāsa-varyaḥ— foremost among all the servitors of Sri Hari.

In another form of Gopala, the son of Nanda Maharaja, Krishna offered obeisances to His own manifested form of Govardhana. Sri Krishna Himself introduced the practice of making prostrated obeisances to Govardhana as well as the circumambulation of Govardhana. So many devotees perform circumambulation of Govardhana by offering prostrated obeisances 108 times at one place and then move forward. Many perform this for getting material benefits. And they get their desires fulfilled. But we do not do with such motives. We do it for the service of the Lord.

Krishna directed the Vraja-vasis in the method of worship of Giriraja Govardhana, “It should be done by the ceremony of giving away cows and offering honorarium to the Vedic Brahmanas who will perform the oblation. Brahmanas should be served with good preparations of food. Cows should be served with fresh grass. After that, all others, including the Chandalas (lowest caste), fallen persons and dogs should be served with appropriate offerings. Then Krishna advised for circumambulation of Giriraja.

Previously women confined themselves to their homes but now a days they move around much more than men. Once when I was a child, I was having a conversation with my uncle’s wife (chachi) when suddenly one male relative came to that place, on seeing the male person she immediately pulled her veil on her head. I was small and so I tried to pull away the veil when she made an angry sound.

So the gopis, even though they could walk, they were made to sit on bullock-carts and, along with all the cowherd boys and cows, Krishna performed circumambulation of Govardhana.

On seeing that the sacrifice that was to be performed for him was stopped, Devaraja Indra became angry with the Lord and said, “The son of a mere cow-herd has stopped the oblation offered to me. I will show my power and importance to the inhabitants of Vrindavan. I will drown their entire village with heavy rainfall!!!”

Saying so, he started heavy rains on Vrindavan with raindrops as thick as the trunk of an elephant.

On seeing this occurrence all the Vraja-vasis became very afraid and helplessly called out to Krishna who is their only shelter . The Lord said, “You all have nothing to fear. Leave your houses. Put all your goods and belongings on the ox-carts and come to Me.” In this way all the Vraja-vasis abandoned their houses and came and took shelter of Krishna. All the Vraja-vasis gathered themselves at a place called ‘Paith-gram’. This is the same place where the Lord once took the four-handed form of Narayan and the gopis simply paid Him their obeisances by saying ‘Namo Narayan’ and left. But as soon as He saw Radharani He took His form of Krishna again and two of His arms disappeared.

Then the Lord told the Vraja-vasis that He would have to lift up the Govardhana in order to protect the cows and the Vraja-vasis. The cowherd-boys, friends of Krishna, told Him that His hands are very soft and would be unable to bear the heavy weight of the Govardhana. The Lord told them to test His strength. His friends said, “Here lies a very big Kadamba tree. Can you lift it and twist it by Your hands?” The Lord said, “Yes I can do it,” Then the Lord succeeded in the test given to Him by His friends.

The Lord was dressed like a wrestler and tied His clothes and hair. After that He lifted the Giriraja Govardhana (Devotees cheer, 'Giridhari Gopal ki Jai!!)' All were astounded to see such a huge Govardhana to be so easily lifted by the small boy. They were also apprehensive that the hill might fall from His hands. So they too held it with their sticks. King Indra rained down heavy showers continuously for seven days and seven nights. The Vraja-vasis had the desire for a long time to see Krishna continuously. In normal days the Lord would be busy in some work or other, like tending the cows, pastimes with gopis etc. So they couldn’t see Krishna always. Now all their desires were fulfilled and they could see Krishna continuously for seven days and seven nights. This is the same Govardhana-dhari Gopala who gave darshan to Srila Madhavendra Puri in Kaliyuga.

The Vraja-vasis continuously stayed with the Lord and saw Him to their heart’s contentment. During this time they did not eat, drink or sleep. They were so mesmerized by His beauty that they forgot all their hunger, thirst, etc. and saw Him continuously. In this way the Lord fulfilled the desire of His devotees and drowned them in bliss.

On seeing all this, Devaraja Indra wondered, “All this shower is making the entire world drown but where are all the waters going?”

He went to Brahma and told him how the small boy of a mere cowherd has stopped his puja in Vrindavan. He also told him how he had tried to inundate the entire village of Vrindavan but couldn’t understand where all the waters showered by his rains are going.

Brahma told him that he mistook this small boy to be the son of a petty cowherd but in fact this small boy is no cowherd boy but the Supreme Lord Himself. Brahma told Indra how he himself was once bewildered by the Lord and asked for forgiveness from the Lord.

Indra started pondering how he would beg forgiveness. Cows are very dear to the Lord. So Indra went to the Lord accompanied by Surabhi Gabhi (a special type of female cow) thinking that the Lord would become pleased after seeing the cow. He offered prayers to the Lord with closed eyes.

The Lord told him to cast aside his vanity and pride. Devaraja Indra did Abhisheka of the Lord with waters that created a Kunda (a pond) which is known as Govinda Kunda.

Both Devaraja Indra and Lord Brahma committed mistakes by not recognizing the Lord.

Now we will hear Kirtans on Giriraja Govardhana.